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Historic Capitals

Iran’s Historic Capitals Cities throughout the Centuries:

This guide will  help you Trace back the history of Iranian cities. For you to better understand Iran and its history we have a very brief pictured history of Iran throughout the centuries here.

Era / dynasty

Persian name

Capital

Famous Remains

Duration

Dynasty Domain

Bronze ageعصر برنزSusaZabolShahre SokhteUp to 10,000 BC
Zayandeh- Rudزاینده رود6th millennium BC
Proto-Elamiteپیش ایلامی Tepe sialk , Ziggurat3400 BC-2500 BC
ElamایلامیKhuzestan (Anshan)
Kerman (Awan)
Lorestan  Province
Chogha Zanbil
Haft Tepe
Kalmakareh cave
 3200 BC – 539 BC
Mandaeansمنائیان BukanTepe kalaichi
Teppe Hasanlu
 850- 650 BC
Medesمادها Hamadan (Ecbatana) Tepe Nush I Jan,
Tepe Godin (Kermanshah)
 678 – 549 BC
AchaemenidهخامنشیانShiraz (pasargad) Hamadan(Ecbatan)
Susa
Tomb of Cyrus Apadana
Shaver castle
 550- 330 BC
SeleucidسلوکیانSeleucia
(305–240 BC)

Antioch
(240–63 BC)
 312 -248 BC
Parthia/Arsacidپارت هاHamadan (Ecbatana)
Susa
 (Khuzestan)
Tepe mosli
Apadana
Masjed Soleyman
 247-224 AD
SasanianساسانیانShiraz (Estakhr)
Susa
Takht Tavus Firuz abad
Ivan karkhe
 224-651
Islamic conquest 633-651
Umayyad Caliphatesخلافت بنی امیه 661-750
Abbasi Caliphatesخلافت عباسی 750-819
Samanidسامانیان 819-999
Tahiridطاهریان Nishapur Tepe shadyakh 861-1003
Saffaridصفاریان 931-1090
ZiyaridزیاریانIsfahan
Tehran ( Ray)
Gorgan
Gonbad e Qabus tower 934-1055
Buyidآل بویهShiraz
Tehran
 ( Ray)
 1008-1141
Kakuyidآل کاکویهIsfahan
Yazd– Ghadamgah
Ghaznavidغزنویان 962-1187
SeljuqسلجوقیانNeyshabur
Isfahan

Tehran ( Ray)
1077-1307
Khwarazmianخوارزمیان1077-1256
Mongol Empireامپراتوری مغول1219-1221
IlkhanateایلخانانTabriz
Zanjan (Soltaniyeh)
1256-1335
Timurianتیموریان 1370–1507
Multi Sultanate eraملوک الطوایفی
SafavianصفویانTabriz
Isfahan
Qazvin
 1501-1736
Afsharianافشاریان Mashhad 1736-1794
ZandزندیهShiraz
Tehran
 1750-1794
Qajarقاجاریه Tehran 1785-1925
Pahlaviپهلوی Tehran 1925-1979
Islamic Republicجمهوری اسلامی Tehran 1979 – Present

Notes:

  • Famous remains has only been mentioned for dynasties that have very little remains, or the remaining are very typical or special. since the Islamic conquest, the remains from each era are too many to be able to mention here.
  • The dynasties with a blank capital city had their capitals out side current Iran
  • Many dynasties overlapped, since the older was losing power and territory and the new was gaining power and expanding
  • The pictures are  maps of the dynasties territories at the climax of their power
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